Exosome
Exosomes, which are nano-vesicles measuring between 30 and 200 nm in diameter and characterised by a stable double-layer phospholipid structure, are secreted from cells and have been observed to have a therapeutic effect in preventing side effects such as complications (including infection or immune rejection) that have the potential to occur during cellular therapies. This approach allows the benefits of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapies to be harnessed while simultaneously circumventing potential adverse effects.